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| Notes | Linked to | |
| 1 | Four children. | Family: F924
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| 2 | Four children. | Family: F925
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| 3 | Ten children. | Family: F922
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| 4 | Two children. | Family: F926
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| 5 | In the History of First Church of Stonington, by R. A. Wheller, is the following: "September 14, 1692, Elizabeth Babcock, daughter-in-law (stepdaughter) of William Johnson, baptized by Rev. James Noyes, Pastor of First Stonington Church." | Elizabeth
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| 6 | Served in the Revolution as enlisted under Col. Goose Van Schaick's First Regiment of the Line. | Elias Babcock
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| 7 | Distribution of probate record, 5 Apr 1780. The widow, Margaret and youngest child Matilda, sign off on their share as Margaret is the guardian of Matilda. It appears clear that Margaret is a second wife and that her maiden name is Gere. (source: land record) | James Babcock
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| 8 | Early Connecticut marriages by Bailey: 1. James, late of Dartmouth, m. Mehitable Bennett, of Stonington, 10 Oct 1754. 2. James Babcock, Jr. m. Lucretia Babcock, 21 Jul 1757 | James Babcock
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| 9 | Probate: 1779, James Babcock of Groton | James Babcock
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| 10 | Two land records in Groton involving a relevant transaction. 1. Grantees: James Babcock of Stonington and my daughter, Mehitable Babcock, dated 27 Feb 1755, involving a piece of land in Groton. 2. Grantors: Amos Gere and Margaret Babcock of Groton, heirs of Robert Gere of Groton, deceased. Grantee: Amos Gere, Jr. of Groton | James Babcock
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| 11 | Blaine County Montana USGENWEB Montana Archives,maintained by burns@asu.edu This file is a part of the Bureau of Land Management Database for the states of Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota. Data edited and prepared by Joy Fisher, jfisher@ucla.edu. The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) inherited the functions of the General Land Office when it was established by Congress in 1946. The South Dakota Land Patents Database, derived from General Land Office and BLM information, contains deeds (primarily patents) issued by the United States in the region now known as the State of South Dakota between 1859 and 1995. While BLM has been referred to as "the Nations record keeper", it is the National Archives that actually keeps the files. The BLM, maintains diagrammatic plats known as Master Title Plats, which depict lands which are owned by the United States and lands which are patented. However, these plats do not have any information about who the lands were patented to. That information which has only been available after tedious research, it is available now in this database. The South Dakota Land Patents Database contains the following information for each land transaction: date, location (township, range, section, meridian), name of person the land was patented to, case type, conveyance type, county, and the patent document identification number. Using this information you can obtain copies of the patent file for $10 from the National Archives at the following address: Reference Branch (Lands) National Archives Washington, DC 20408 (202) 501-5428 You need to submit your request on a copy of Form 84. To get the form, send an e-mail message to inquire@nara.gov In the body of the message, be sure to ask for Form 84 "Order for Copies of Land Entry Files", tell them how many copies you want (get at least 2, in case you make a mistake) and give your name and snail address so they can send you the forms.(Or you can send a snail mail letter to above address). Sending by e-mail takes less than a week; by snail mail both ways takes about 2 weeks. Key to Case Types 181000- Public Lands Litigation 186001- Quit claim deed by US 210000- Acquisition by US 220000- Land exchange 230000- Withdrawal of Land by US 240000- Classification of Lands by US 250000 Disposition: Use and Occupancy 251000- Homestead 252000- Desert Land Act 253000- Indian Patents 254000- Color of Title Act 255000- Mining Claim Occupancy Act 260000 Grants 261000- Military Scrip Warrant Patents 262000- Lands to the State of South Dakota 262500- Swamp Land 263000- Rail Road Grants 264000- Airport conveyance act 270000 Sales 271000- Public Land Sale 272000- Cash 273000- Small Tract 274000- Recreation & Public Purposes 275000- Cemeteries and Parks 276000- Townsites 278000- Unintentional Trespass 371000 Multiple Use Act 386000 Mining Laws 386200- Lode Mining Claims 386300- Placer Mining Claims 386400- Millsite Claims Land Conveyance types in this database: PA - Patent GD - Grant Deed WD - Warranty Deed Land Conveyances to the State of South Dakota IL - State Lieu Selection (Lands the State selected in-lieu of sections 16 and 36, which they were entitled to but did not receive) LS - Forest Lieu Selection SG - State Grant SS - State Selection Meridians 05 - 5th Principal Meridian -- located in the eastern part of Iowa 06 - 6th Principal Meridian -- located south of Yankton - not used by east River counties 07 - Black Hills Meridian -- located on the SD - WY border (See map http://www.usgwarchives.org/sd/images/meridians.jpg) Source: http://files.usgwarchives.org/mt/blaine/land/h.txt NAME MERIDIAN TWP RANGE SECTION ACREAGE TYPE CASETYPE DOCID DATE HINTZ MARIE 20 027 N 018 E 004 24.99 251101 PA 131993 05/23/1910 HINTZ MARIE 20 027 N 018 E 004 25.06 251101 PA 131993 05/23/1910 HINTZ MARIE 20 027 N 018 E 005 25.2 251101 PA 131993 05/23/1910 HINTZ MARIE 20 027 N 018 E 005 25.42 251101 PA 131993 05/23/1910 HINTZ MARIE 20 027 N 018 E 005 25.62 251101 PA 131993 05/23/1910 HINTZ MARIE 20 027 N 018 E 003 40 272002 PA 350109 08/13/1913 HINTZ MARIE 20 027 N 018 E 003 24.75 272002 PA 350109 08/13/1913 HINTZ MARIE 20 027 N 018 E 003 40 272002 PA 350109 08/13/1913 HINTZ MARIE 20 027 N 018 E 006 25.75 272002 PA 348270 07/25/1913 HINTZ MARIE 20 028 N 018 E 033 40 251101 PA 131993 05/23/1910 HINTZ MARIE 20 028 N 018 E 028 120 251101 PA 353566 09/03/1913 HINTZ MARIE 20 028 N 018 E 033 120 251101 PA 353566 09/03/1913 HINTZ MARIE 20 028 N 018 E 034 80 251101 PA 353566 09/03/1913 HINTZ MARIE 20 028 N 018 E 031 40 272002 PA 348270 07/25/1913 | Marie M. BREIL
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| 12 | Married name DANIEL. | Betty BRESE
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| 13 | Married name JOHNSON. | Delores BRESE
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| 14 | Married name KAISER | Jane BRESE
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| 15 | Married name STONER. | Marge BRESE
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| 16 | General Manager of Peoria Cartage for 41 years. | James J. BUCK
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| 17 | Seven children. | Alexander BURBACH
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| 18 | Died at a very young age. | Alice BURBACH
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| 19 | Died between the years 1901-1906. | Elizabeth BURBACH
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| 20 | Seven children. | Emilia BURBACH
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| 21 | Died between the years 1901-1906. | Johannes BURBACH
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| 22 | Two children. | John BURBACH
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| 23 | Ordination: Elder Joseph Clark | Joseph Clark
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| 24 | Lillian Crouse and Harvey Keister had one son Donald 2 grandchildren 8 great grandchildren of whom are the families of Mrs. Gene Daly and Mrs Jerry O'Connell | Lillian S CROUSE
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| 25 | Thanks to Janet Margolis Damm for the Family Group Sheet: Misc. Notes moved to CAN 1902 age 16 with parents1 SS Lake Ontario, Liverpool 4 Nov 1902, Quebec 15 Nov 1902 Naturalization Papers say Nat. in CAN, came through Liverpool 1907 brought his fam. to US homestead1 1993 reunion bk d. cert. #33 parents 1913 Pet. for Nat. Reuben Damm info 2/03-ship: SS Lake Champlain, Depart: Liverpool 28 Oct 1902 Arrive: Quebec 7 Nov 1902 Destination: Winnepeg, MB, CAN Homestead papers for Patent #587339,996806 1906 Reihn/RhineCAN Census, p4-5,house37,row39-9, d14,subd10, imm. 1902 1920 census, Roosevelt Co. MT, ed 196, sd18, family #158 1930 census sd18, family #13 Status: ............................ Place: ................................. Marriage: 9 Oct 1904 Place: Winnipeg, Canada1 | George DAMM, Jr.
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| 26 | George Edward Damm, 81, passed away peacefully on Thursday, November 6, 2008 at his home northwest of Culbertson. George Edward Damm was born to Conrad and Anna (Kaufman) Damm on the homestead farm on June 9, 1927 were he has lived in his entire life. He was the youngest child of 12. He attended country school. In his early years he worked for CB&F, Roosevelt County as a weed cutter in the fall and the conservation district in spring planting trees. As a young man he rode horseback many miles to do chores for people while they were gone. In the 1950's he raised Shetland ponies even having a self-made merry-go-round for rides. He enjoyed farming, raising cattle, and making hay in the hot summer. He enjoyed fishing and visiting with friends and relatives talking about the old days. George was a baptized and confirmed member of Trinity Lutheran Church in Culbertson, Montana. On September 21, 1953 George was united in marriage to Amy Eberling in Wolf Point, MT. To this union a daughter, Debbie, and a son, Terry were born. He was preceded in death by his parents; four brothers; and three sisters. He is survived by his wife, Amy of Froid, MT; daughter, Debbie (Tim) Rudolph of McCabe, MT; son, Terry Damm of Sidney, MT; sisters, Anna Luft and Marie Damm both of Culbertson, MT, and Lydia Liebrecht of Yorkton, Canada; and numerous nieces and nephews. | George Edward DAMM
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| 27 | MILLER, Mary Langenfeld, Russia b. 4 May 1910 - Langenfeld, Russia d. 18 Nov 2007 - Ontario, Oregon From Billings Gazette, Billings, MT - 21 Nov 2007 Submitted by Henry L.Schmick ONTARIO, Ore. - Mary Miller Badt (Bott) Damm, 97, of Ontario, formerly of Billings, died on Nov. 18, 2007, at Wellsprings Assisted Living Facility. Mary was born on May 4, 1910, in Langenfeld, Russia, of German descent, to Conrad Miller and Katherine Schundt. After the death of Conrad, Mary's mother married Henry Badt. In 1912 with her mother and stepfather, Mary came to the United States. Mary lived many years in the northeastern part of Montana in the Sidney/Culbertson area. Mary married George G. DAMM, Jr. on Jan. 20, 1927. In 1942, the family moved to Billings. Mary then moved to Ontario in July 2000 to be near her daughter, Mabel Benscoter. Besides being a mother and housewife, Mary clerked at various businesses such as produce markets and bakeries. She was a lifetime member of the Lutheran Church, Missouri Synod and was active in the Lutheran Women's Missionary League. Mary enjoyed cooking, canning, entertaining friends, garage sales and auctions. Mary is survived by six grandchildren, 11 great-grandchildren and one great-great-grandchild. Mary was preceded in death by her husband, George G. Damm; daughter, Mabel L. Benscoter; and son, Herman Dahm; various sisters and one brother. Mary was a devoted mother and a friend to all of her neighbors and acquaintances. She had no enemies. She loved serving coffee and cookies to all of her friends. In lieu of flowers, memorial contributions may be made to the Pilgrim Lutheran Church - Elevator Fund, 208 S.W. First Ave., Ontario, OR 97914 or to the Trinity Lutheran Church, 537 Grand Ave., Billings, MT 59101. Friends and family may meet at Smith's Downtown Chapel by 1 p.m. Friday, Nov. 23, to proceed at 1:30 p.m. to Sunset Memorial Gardens for a graveside service at 2 p.m. | George G. DAMM, Jr.
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| 28 | I believe Hessian is the dialect of German that my grandparents spoke. I base this on the fact that German maps I have found indicate 8,300 Hessians from Hesse on the Rhineland initially colonized the Volga River area near Saratov from 1763-1767*. Also important is this bunch of recipes I found on the Internet. The lady said she found these recipes printed on some paper that was used for packaging and being curious she translated them and put them on the Web. I found this using google. One of my favorite things that Katie made was Riwwell Kuchen, a coffee cake with dry crumbs on top, usually scattered with fruit such as "Wunder Berries" (Schwarz Berries or Black Berries: an edible fruit from a non-poisonous variety of Nightshade) that they brought with them when they came from Russia. She also made dumplings with these berries. The last recipe on the page shows how to make the Hessian Riwwell-Suppe. Riwwell is a Hessen word for streusel and this is what my grandma Katie always called her coffee cake, "Riwwell Kuchen". http://www.eurekasd.com/kuchen.htm %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% FRANZOESISCH SUPP / QUER DURCH DE GARTE ======================================= [These are not typing mistakes, it's just a German dialect!] (Roughly translated: French Soup / Through the Garden) Ingredients: ------------ 1.5 l beef broth or water 1 kohlrabi (turnip-cabbage), peeled and diced 4 carrots, peeled and diced 1/2 celery, peeled and diced 1 leek, diced 1/2 cauliflower 350g fresh, green beans (broken in pieces) 2 tomatos, skinned and diced 80g onions, diced 80g dried meat, diced 50g lard parsley, salt, freshly ground pepper Instructions: ------------- Melt lard in a large pan, add the dried meat and cook until the meat is glassy. Add diced onions and steam for a while. Add the prepared vegetables except the tomatos and pour 1.5 l beef broth or water over it. Boil at low heat. When everything is done, add the tomatoes, season with salt and pepper and garnish with parsley. You can add boiled meat that is cut in small pieces. In some areas the soup is served together with freshly made waffles. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% FRASS ===== [Note: this German expression is a rather rude one...] (Food) Ingredients: ------------ 1-1.5 kg white cabbage 2-3 french rolls 1/4 l milk 250g minced meat 2-3 large onions a little amount of bacon Instructions: ------------- Chop white cabbage coarsly, boil shortly in salt water and pour into a sieve. Cut the french rolls in small pieces and soak in milk. Mix thoroughly minced meat, cut bacon, finely minced onions, soaked rolls and cabbage. If necessary, add a bit of the water in which the cabbage was boiled. Put the mixture in a soufflee form, sprinkle some flour and butter flakes over it. Bake for 1 - 1.5 hours in the oven. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% GEROESTETE GRIESSSUPPE ====================== (Roasted Groats Soup) Ingredients: ------------ 3-4 tblsp groats (or semolina, or farina) 1 tblsp butter 1 1/2 l beef broth 1 egg salt, parsley Instructions: ------------- Roast the groats in the butter until they are of light yellowish colour. Pour the beef broth over the groats and leave for 15 minutes. Season with salt to taste, stir in the egg and garnish with minced parsley. Sometimes roasted, diced white bread is served with the soup. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% HESSISCHE BOUILLON ================== (Hessian Bouillon) Ingredients: ------------ 1 l beef broth 2 eggs 20g melted butter 2 tblsp flour salt, nutmeg, parsley to taste Mix thoroughly eggs, melted butter and flour. Then pour the mixture into the boiling broth. Season with salt and nutmeg, and garnish with parsley. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% HESSISCHE SCHMAND- ODER SPECKSAUCE ================================== [Note: Schmand is a local expression for sour cream.] (Hessian Sour Cream or Bacon Sauce) Ingredients: ------------ 150g smoked bacon 2 medium onions 3/8 l sour cream Instructions: ------------- Pour cream in a shallow pan. Dice bacon and onions, roast golden brown and pour over the cream. This is served with boiled potatoes with or without their skins. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% LUMPEN UND FLEEH ================ (Rags and Fleas) Ingredients: ------------ 1 head white cabbage pork or mutton without bones lots of cumin salt, pepper to taste Put the ingredients together in a pan and cook a hearty stew. The name of the dish comes from the fact that the cumin seeds jump like fleas in the pan when the stew is cooked. It is said that a local patriot from Kassel (where the dish originated) has mentioned the suspicion, that some Irish people brought it to Ireland and made it famous as Irish Stew. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% RIWWEL-SUPPE ============ [note: Riwwel is a dialect expression for Streusel, which are fine crumbs] (Streusel Soup) Ingredients: ------------ 1 l milk 100g flour 1-2 eggs salt Instructions: ------------- Knead eggs, flour and salt to crumbs. Put them in the boiling milk and cook for about 10 minutes. Season to taste. The soup is served with boiled potatoes in their skins. (Be sure to peel them before you eat them!) Riwwel-Suppe is a supper dish from the Odenwald. | Kathryn DAMM
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| 29 | These egg noodles are just like the kind my Grandma made so I order them over the Internet and have them shipped to my home. COUNTRY PASTA: Homemade Style Egg Pasta Manufactured by: Country Foods, INC. 63571 Hwy 93 North Polson, Montana 59860 USA http://www.countrypasta.com/ | Kathryn DAMM
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| 30 | A letter from Neu Norka translated to english by Hugh Lichtenwald [chief29105@yahoo.com]: Hallo List, Ruth, Marilyn, both Susans, Bill and Dennis: The following article is translated to the best of my ability. ----------------------- Page 3, Die Welt-Post, Thursday, July 20, 1922 Of Significance from Neu-Norka, Russia 10 April (new style) Dear friends, acquaintances and others in America: I do not want to describe the details of our lives and how we endure it because this has already often been done in letters and newspapers. I want only to make note of some important things. Last year the winter sent us its General "Morass" and he covered the earth 3 Wershock (5 1/2 inches) deep by measure, with a white dress which we were not prepared for, yet there it was, and we had to make due with what little fodder we had in order to sustain our livestock. Some had 3 days worth, some 4 days worth put aside, everyone had about the same supplies. When the emergency rose so high that a Pud of fodder cost a half million Rubel, summer sent us its General "Spring" which defeated the enemy and in fact, brought the emergency to an end. On the 20th of March we were able to turn the livestock loose to graze on the Stepe. Quiet tears of joy ran down the cheeks of many here. The bells were tolled to honor and give thanks to God. One emergency, my loves, is now quieted, but hunger still gnaws daily at our souls and will yet take many to their graves if the aid, which was promised us by our American brothers, does not get here soon. Later: 15 April.--- "If the emergency is at its peak, then assistance must be immediate." Today we received a message from the authorities to go to the Oberdorf station and pick up Wheat for sowing, i.e. 1200 Pud. Additionally we were instructed not to eat any of it on pain of having our heads chopped off. But when we got it all home everyone went to the Mills. Sausage machines and Mortars were pushed to their limits so that on the first day of Easter, the 16th of April, there would be new food in every house. I will cook dumplings for myself. 17 April.--- Today we were informed that we are to go to the station to pick up Welschkorn (??) for food for ourselves, this, it is said, comes from America. We say a thousand times a thousand thanks for the gifts donated to us by our brothers in far off America! I would be resting in the bowels of the earth, and it could have been said: he has starved to death because none of the people had given a piece of bread to him in the extreme emergency, that they had received from America. 20 April.--- People who still have breath in them are again becoming alive because we are again to pick up 2000 Pud of Wheat, about which it is said, it comes from America. Packages also arrive in quantity from America. It appears to me that I am the only one who does not have friends in America. --- Today it is raining beautifully, it is a country rain. Now I want to communicate to you the number of souls and livestock Norka still has in comparison with the year 1916. Souls then: 1985, Today: 1035; Oxen then: 827, Today: 216; Horses then: 385, Today: 130; Cows then: 790, Today: 305; Indeed, the numbers have become smaller. Nevertheless Neu-Norka is still one of the richest villages in livestock holdings along the Volga. Oberdof is rich in bread beause they have already received very much more from America. I will undertake to write a monthly article such as this if it pleases you Russians in America so that you are sent bits of news, especially from the Rosenberg and Holstein areas. Only I will not mix in political things. On the other hand, you brothers over there would make me happy with gifts of love, If you are willing. I do not ask for money, but for some food products and clothing. 25 April.--- Today I can communicate to my brothers in America that we received 5000 Pud of seed Wheat. Also many letters have arrived from America with the information that food products and clothing are being sent. If all this should arrive into our hands then the greatest shortages will be satisfied. Up to the present time the weather has been favorable for the farmers; the wind from the "Mockre" (??) daily brings us some rain. I will now close my writing and cordially greet my friends in America. Christoph Borger ------------------------- In connection with the above, the forwarder of the letter, Mr. Heinrich Schnell in Minatare writes: Here I send to you a letter from Mr. Borger in Neu-Norka, who formerly lived in Holstein. He led a somewhat withdrawn life and was, generally speaking, a popular man in the village because he was always happy and cheerful in his work; also he always had something to "give to the thirsty," since he was a wealthy man. Now however, he writes to me that he is so oppressed by poverty that he barely has a shirt and trousers. We know, yes, everyone knows, that the people over there are suffering through no fault of their own. I hope the situation of the people over there may get better soon. I wish them the best for time and eternity. --------------------------------- Hugh Lichtenwald, from the farm in Monetta, SC VC Wiesenmueller | George Henry GREEN
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| 31 | Hallo List: The following article is translated to the best of my ability. This one took me a week...Pastor Wacker's "reports" were all very difficult for me. If the article seems choppy in parts, it's because it's hard for me to follow some of his phraseology. ------------------------ Page 2, Die Welt-Post, Thursday, January 11, 1923 A Letter From Russia to the Portlanders Norka, October 4, 1922 To: The Volga Relief Society Portland, Oregon Much esteemed and dear friends: Three weeks ago as I gave my last (9th) report to Pastor Wagner for forwarding, he was kind enough to give me 2 issues of the Welt-Post. Even though I was overjoyed and had a strong and urgent desire to acquaint myself with the news from "another world" that they contained, I nevertheless was only able to get to them in the last few days. The issue of 24 August, which I read last night so struck me that I vowed to quickly write again within the next few days and offer some information. In the paper, an old Norkan, Johannes Preissendorf, wrote that my report from the old homeland was very important to him. At that I again felt the need to write the dear Norkans in America who had done so many good deeds for me and my community and thank them and at least inform them of the facts of life and things that are happening in their old homeland community. Though there are just as many (especially many in Portland) Norkans in America as there are here in old Norka, there are also many other Volga Germans in the United States to whom this will probably be important because conditions are generally the same in the various Volga Colonies. On 1 October we, along with the Evangelical Christian community, celebrated the Harvest Festival. (We generally celebrate all christian celebrations according to the new style calendar since its introduction.) In bygone days Norkans combined the Harvest Fest with their "Kerb" -- for each village it was a joyful folk festival. The market stalls on the well-field were full of goods and a bustling market was going on in this otherwise quiet place. The houses of the village were neatly cleaned inside and out in preparation for Kerbfest, the housewives prepared special baked goods for these days and also other appetizing foods which they shared with guests who had come from afar. The youths also sought opportunities to have some fun but such opportunities were not always "fromm" (pious..better said as "not always good clean fun"--translator.) Since then everything has changed. The market stalls are no longer there. When, with the Revolution, private trading was ended, trade was no longer possible there. The boards (from the stalls) were being hammered loose and taken away, some to be used for coffins. Finally it was directed that all should be torn down and the boards used to repair the schoolyard fences. The emergency caused other festive aspects of the Kerbfest to disappear also --yes, and they were not always clear about when to celebrate. Thus part of the populace has for years celebrated a quiet Kerbfest according to the old style date and the others according to the new style date. Against all that this year's Harvest Fest was nevertheless still one that all could take pleasure in, even if the harvest of commodities on average was only a moderate one. The question which has been heatedly debated by everyone for several weeks now and which often causes tempers to flare, is the question of the "in kind" taxes. The establishment of the "in kind" tax, as opposed to last year's confiscation of every bit of supplies, is an extraordinary improvement which instills the farmers with a feeling of security. The amount of "in kind' taxes depends on 3 factors: first of all (and mainly) upon the size of the plot of land: Second, the number of livestock: Third, the harvest yield. The minimum amount of tax per Desjatin is 10 Pfund, the maximum is 15 Pud. (thus, it is the case, that the farmer must pay if he has been allotted more than 3 Desjatin of land per family member, employs more than 4 head of livestock and the harvest yield is more than 100 Pud per Desjatin.) One can see that under normal conditions the "in kind" tax is quite moderate and leaves plenty of room for the farmer to improve his condition and generally advance himself. However, under the current conditions the regulation is held by many to be an intolerable burden because this year the size of the farmers family, and accordingly. the size of his land allotment were of no help. Except for a few exceptions the farmers no seed to sow. In the spring some used their seed not for sowing, but rather to maintain their existence. Many for good reason, because, for example, if a farmer had 10 family members but only on broken down nag of a horse, while another had only 5 family members, but 3 horses, how could they do the same work? ((here some dozen lines of text are obscured--translator)). Now Family B., which also consists of 10 souls, and in addition to 2 Horses has 3 pairs of Oxen and received approximately 50 Pud of seed grain. Now however, both families are to pay almost the same in taxes because they have the same amount of land. While family B. is hitching up their Oxen and taking their "in kind" tax to Schilling, day and night things are getting worse for family A. and they can find no way out of this untenable situation. Also the Harvest yield was not computed for any individual but for an average yield (for our Rayon, if I am not mistaken, it was 60-65 Pud) and the tax was based upon this. Now some harvested 75-100 Pud while others only 20-30 Pud (per Desjatin). For the former it is easy to pay the tax, for the latter it is truly hurtful. The tax law is a good one but the authorities are not applying it practically. They should pay less attention to the letter of the law and more attention to the spirit of the law, because the intent of this "in kind" tax is to enable the weak to live along side the strong. If the letter is enforced then the weak will forever be held down or completely destroyed. Already much time has been lost, but nonetheless I hope that many of these calamitous questions will come to light and a fair solution found. Generally speaking, a confident buzzing abounds. After years of external and internal battles, after all the disorder and decline, the hearts of our contemporaries are more open to and grateful for the establishment of structure and order. Out of the rubble of the past, man desires to build something new while retaining what was good from the past. One sees the master builder and his people at work again. One sees interest reawakening in other areas. Education, during the last years of struggle, which had become ever more indifferent, is once again drawing the interest of the people who are only now noticing the effects of its terrible negligence among the youth. However there are terrible shortages and apparently insurmountable obstacles to deal with. State and Community coffers are empty. The schools must be maintained by the parents themselves. School buildings are in terrible condition. Three schools in Norka require major repairs, that at present are unthinkable, for example, the cost of Nails is 1 million the Pfund, 1 piece of glass 5-8 million, 1 piece of sheet metal, 2 to 3 million, 1,000 bricks, 55 million Rubel, etc. Two schools can be made provisionally ready so that an area for approximately 400 children (about 1/3 of the school age children) will be created . Parents are also responsible for the teacher's salary, which not all parents who wish to educate their children are able to easily afford. There had already been a shortage of good teachers in former times, who are now even harder to find. In addition there is a total lack of school books and other necessary teaching materials. Where there are any to be had, only a few can be purchased because of exorbitant prices. Thus it will probably be some time before the school problems are overcome. Unfortunately we no longer have organized Consistories and Synods as in bygone days but this is not the most pressing emergency, rather it is the lack of Pastors and suitable Schoolmasters (Sextons) and the hopelessness of obtaining any new workers for the Lord's Vineyard. On the Berg and Wiesenseite there are 12 ministerial positions open; in the abandoned Parishes, a poor state of religious affairs prevails. The Norka Parish was allowed, by God's grace, to enjoy all these past years of regular and orderly spiritual services. In this last difficult year it was the assistance of the National Lutheran Council that made it possible for those servants of the church to endure in their difficult posts. Thus were we weak and unworthy humans served, but also the Lord, whose work we do. May the Lord repay those who did good deeds unto His servants, for their love. The attendance at regular religious services has fallen off among adult Christians, thus sadly, it also stands equally bad among the youngsters. Most children can no longer read --- mental development as well as regular discipline have been missing; therefore they are not open to religious influences. In the last few years under such circumstances, myself and every minister has been in spiritual agony. With the meager influence which the church had in these times, it had little possibility of exerting it over them, they would probably be as good as lost to Christendom had there not been, in most houses, some christian spirit that came to our aid. Also the "Versammlung" (meeting) of the Bruederschaft (brotherhood) have the valuable task, along with the church, to rescue the young for Christ's kingdom. There are people here, more than ever before, against whom the servants of the church and the members of the christian community must stand united, shoulder to shoulder. How many have deserted and fallen in this ever more cruelly waged battle of the spirit. The church of Christ survives because of the promise of the Lord in Matthew 16, verse 18. (("And I say unto thee, that thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church; and the gates of Hell shall not prevail against it." --verse added by your translator)). Firm in our faith that the Lord guides all the things of His church, we regard it as our holiest obligation to spare no effort with anything as if the kingdom of God could be built by our passion. Did we not rebuild the vestibule in the courtyard of the prayer house in order to make it stable? The means to do this came to us by trading empty American Rye sacks and Lard barrels for which we have already received 60 Pud of Rye. My report has become overly long --- but still there are some more questions to be touched upon so that this picture of the life of Norkans is complete. The road to Saratov is crowded nearly every day with people coming and going. They take some of their harvested commodities, particularly Flour and Millet, and get cloth, leather, iron and many other necessary things for the home and for their work, just like in the old days. However, because of high prices they cannot get everything in the necessary quantities. The burning question a year ago was: What will we eat? --- Today that question is: What will we wear? The fact that this question can be solved only with the help of our American brothers is already slowly becoming clear to everyone. With the arrival of Mr. Jacob Volz, in Saratov, where I had the pleasure of being one of the first to greet him, there was as revival of hope for a supply of clothing. If it happens as Mr. Volz announced on his first morning in Saratov, then a transport of clothing could arrive in Saratov within the next few days. However, I would like to take this occasion, if I may be permitted, to make an important proposal. Could you expand the clothing aid along with the individual aid more generally, because now even more people can be seen going about in clothing that is not fit for humans to wear, who receive no individual assistance. With luck one can make due with old worn out clothing, I know this because for the second time I have received some from the the National Lutheran council and distributed them. That which one can no longer wear outside, or wants no more, would be received here with great joy. --- Besides this, considering the indebtedness described by me above, Food Draft assistance is still needed. I want to specifically stress this because many, after paying the "in kind" tax are not able to cut their bread so thickly any more. The vegetable harvest has been satisfying but there is a lack in fatty things. Recently I heard in Saratov that the Food Draft Department intends to continue their activities indefinitely, which was heard with great satisfaction.--- Additionally for the orphans and the children of the very poor families, a resumption of regular supplies for the Kitchens will be necessary. One could perhaps say: The communities can now provide for themselves, even for their poor. Such people speak only superficially and do not understand the extent of impoverishment in our Colonies because there is still no end of shortages for thousands. Even the landowners who will retain something more or less meaningful after paying "in kind" taxes, after taking care of the most urgent needs of their farmsteads, will have only enough brad left for their own needs. Norka is one of the better off Parishes and will again quickly stand on its own if no unforeseen circumstances occur, but it will still be in need, possibly for years, of a large measure of continuing philanthropy. I close now with a personal note of explanation. Since the onset of relief work I have received a great number of letters as well as a number of $10 Packets that, in this difficult time, freed me from worry, and they were: from my dear Norkans, namely from Portland, also from a Stucker. I have also received letters and packets from fellow clergy --- Lutherans, Reformed and Congregational. As often as I have received these proofs of love, each time I felt an urgent need to write in detail to these well meaning men and women. But times and the circumstances, which I intentionally avoid describing here, prevented me every time. I comfort myself that all my good friends read my reports in the newspapers, and indeed, are probably looking at these lines now. So I want to express my thanks here once again to all who have sent me their letters and gifts, and affectionately greet them. I take my leave of you, all my brothers and sisters in the Lord, with my sincere greetings and christian greetings as well as a greeting of peace. Friedrich Wacker, Pastor -------------------- Hugh Lichtenwald, from the farm in Monetta, SC VC, Wiesenmueller | George Henry GREEN
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| 32 | Hallo List: The following article is translated to the best of my ability. -------------------------- Page 2, Die Welt-Post, Thursday, April 6, 1922 Letter of a Volga German from the Caucasus Armawir, Kuban Region, Russia February 6, 1922 To: Johannes Loebsack Lincoln, Nebraska Dear Brother Johannes: Greetings, may the peace of God and the community of the Holy Spirit be upon you all. Many years have now passed during which we were unable to send or receive correspondence. The terrible war and then the Citizens Rebellion had caused a complete breakdown in letter traffic between us and the outside world. For many years one could not get a letter from Germany. Now they again go unhindered. Now I think you know who I am, namely your cousin, your uncle Konrad's son Heinrich. On August 2, 1921, I entered my 60th year of life. I have lived through and endured much, which, if I wanted to write everything down, would fill a book full of stories. Especially the experiences since the beginning of the war in 1914. There is much one could tell which one would rather not put down on paper. Since 1889 I have belonged to the community of the Seventh Day Adventists, of which there are probably some in Lincoln. I was ordained as a Preacher of the Gospel in 1901, whereupon I moved to Siberia as Chief of the Siberian Mission. Now I am the Union Chief in the Caucasus. Our family consists of 5 souls, namely we 2 elders and 3 children. Lydia is 25, Heinrich 20 and Hulda 16 years of age. My current wife comes from Phorzheim, Baden, Germany, she was born Elise Kraft. We now live in Armawir in the Kuban Region of Russia. We bought a little house in 1919, and it has been, as it were, a safe haven during the Revolutionary Period. Otherwise we would have been pushed from one place of lodging to another. Now this has mostly ended and with all small properties, things are as they were in former times except that a terrible shortage of food and clothing prevaililng amongst our poor people. You have probably already read about the harsh state of distress in Russia. However you can multiply that by a factor of 3 or 4. People from afar who have as yet not experienced such a thing cannot conceive for themselves the great distress of hunger, sickness, misery and tears. At the last the faces of the people swell up and then their entire body, and then they die of hunger. Hundreds of thousands who came to the Caucasus from the Volga in the fall died miserably. Parents lost their children and children lost their parents. Once I went into the waiting room of the train station, there lay 4 children who were all sick. I asked them many things and learned that their parents had died and the children had been sent away from the hospital just a short while ago. There are many such cases. The father of a well known family died on the way here and because they did not have a shovel to dig a grave, they put the dead father on the side of the road, covered him with a cloth and drove on. What pain for the wife and children! I must break off otherwise I will continue on further with the story. The state of affairs can be summed up in these words: If we do not receive sufficient aid from outside for our people in Russia, then between now and the new harvest still more people will die than have died up to now; and it is also from something one would not at all have suspected. We ourselves have already been eating Barley and Cornbread, also Mash made from the same. We haven't had potatoes for a long time. I haven't been this poor at any time before in my life. Inflation is so great that our Preacher's wages are not enough to afford the basics. A Pud of Flour costs 1,800,000 Rubel. Everything else is similarly priced. Now I am experiencing curiosity and would like to learn something about America. Can you write me and also send me the addresses of all my dear relatives. Can you tell me where my brothers Johannes and Georg and my sister Henriette are? Where is my sister-in-law Katharina Margreta, nee Eckhardt? Where is my dead brother Konrad's son Johannes? Where is "cousin" Jascke's son Jacob (Jaschke)? Where are Johannes and Heinrich Bauer and Katharina who married Konrad Schaefer? Where is Maria who married a Kammerzell? I ask you, if possible, to tell them all to write to me because it would make me very happy to hear from all of them. Last winter our clothing, our laundry, everything in our cabinets and our personal medicines were taken away from us. We cannot even change our underwear on the Sabbath. I could still write more but I will close for now. As soon as I hear from one or the other of you I will gladly answer. --- I was laid low with Typhoid Fever for 8 weeks and today is only the 6th day I have been up, thus I am still tired and weak and am only a skeleton. However I hope to become strong once again. Is the message that we believe and preach known to you? Are there Adventist brethren in your area? If so, then also inform them of the contents of my letter. I imagine that committees have already been established in your area for relief work in Russia. We read in the newspaper that when friends in America pay 10 to 50 Dollars then the distressed in Russia receive a package of 49 English pounds of Flour, 25 pounds of Rice, 20 cans of Milk, 10 pounds of Sugar, 10 pounds of Lard and 3 pounds of Tea. This is everything one receives for $10. If $20 is paid then one gets double. I could indicate a number of addresses to you but I do not know how things are with you. I will only send the addresses of my son-in-law and myself. This is the address of my son-in-law: Sowjet Russia, Guberne Oblast Pochtovoe Otdelenie Belikoe Oknatchetckoe, Kol. Alexandrodor. Gosp. Ivan Gergartovitch Isaak. And now my address follows: Sowjet Russia, Gorod Armavir, Guberne Oblast Pochtovoe, Gosp. Gainrich Konradevitch Lebseck. Hopefully I did not over burden you with my letter. Cordial greetings to all who know me and also to those who do not know me, not only friends and relatives and especially to you "uncle" Johannes and "aunt." Your brother in Christ, Heinrich K. Loebsack ------------------- Hugh Lichtenwald, from the farm in Monetta, SC VC, Wiesenmueller | George Henry GREEN
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| 33 | How many of you have heard stories about your male ancestors where they were supposed to have served in the Russian Army, fought in wars, etc? Here is information on the rules under which German-Russians in the Volga were drafted. ==================================================== This information is from the book "From Privileged to Dispossessed, The Volga Germans, 1860 - 1917", by James W. Long, Copyright 1988, University of Nebraska Press. The universal conscription law of 1874 was based on peacetime conditions, and in fact, did not enroll many recruits. The number of men conscripted each year depended on the contingent required by the military: in 1874 it was 150,000; it rose in 1900 to 320,000. However, the law's shorter term of service and maintenance of a large reserve component had tremendous implications, in that many more individuals served in the armed forces. Because the prosperity of peasant families, and therefore the state depended primarily on the number of workers, the 1874 conscription law drafted men only from families with several workers. Also, the costs of equipping and training every draft-age youth would have been prohibitive. Therefore, each year approximately 54 percent of the draft-age men were exempted from active duty in the military service. Most exemptions (48 percent) were granted on the basis of domestic or family reasons; 6 percent were based on failure to meet physical standards. Sole surviving sons, married men, or sons and grandsons who were the only workers in their households were unconditionally exempted from military service. Others, such as sons who were the second workers in their households, next eldest sons with brothers on active duty, and sons whose elder brothers had died while on active duty, received conditional exemption. They would be drafted only if the number of non-exempted recruits was inadequate to meet the military's annual contingent. While sole surviving sons were never liable for military service. The conditional exemptees could be called up in time of war. The annual conscription levy took place in the fall after the harvest. Any young man having his twenty-first birthday before October 1 of that year was subject to the draft. On November 12, 1874, the first Volga German draft lottery occurred in the colony of Linevo Ozero. The colonies had ten draft centers, all except one including both Russian and German settlements. Data from the Saratov and Samara provinces indicate that between 1874 and 1914 the Volga Germans annually supplied 800 to 1500 recruits to the Russian military, depending on the annual levy set by military authorities. Thus, every year about one of every five draft-eligible, twenty-one year old male colonists entered the Russian Army. By 1914, then, conservatively speaking, 50,000 Volga Germans had spent time in the ranks. Mobilization of reservists, not conscription, drove more Volga Germans from Russia, and until 1904-three decades after the introduction of the draft-their reservists had never been activated. The Russo-Japanese War of 1904-5 generated such consternation and dismay among the Volga Germans because it represented the first encounter with mobilization; at the time of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-78 no Volga German reservists existed, for one had completed the six-year term of active duty. Beginning in 1904, many Volga German reservists-men between the ages of twenty-five and forty-three, some of whom had been discharged as far back as 1886 decided to emigrate illegally rather than face being reactivated to fight in some distant war of no concern to them. My grandfather was in the Russian Army from approximately November 1906 until sometime before May 1910. A picture of him in his Russian Army uniform is here: http://www.germanrussian.org/ Gary Martens | George Henry GREEN
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| 34 | Language Death among the Volga-German Communities in Ellis County, Kansas The town of Hays, KS, located in Western Kansas along I-70, is surrounded by Volga-German settlements founded in the late 1800's, such as Pfeifer, Liebenthal, Katherinenstadt, Schoenchen, Obermunjou, and Herzog (Keel). For many decades, these settlements retained their unique heritage, isolating them from the surrounding predominately English-speaking area. The persistent maintenance of their culture and language, as well as their being a minority separated from their homeland classifies them as German speech islands (Mattheier). The purpose of this paper will be to research the social and historical development of the language, culture, and impending death of this speech island. Whereas the First World War is often regarded as the single factor attrition German speech islands, it is plausible to assert that in Ellis County, the First World War signaled only the beginning of a gradual process of language loss. The years between the First and Second World Wars represent a transitional period where the increased shift in usage from dialect to English is witnessed. The Second World War represents the most decisive factor responsible for the completion of this process. Aside from the discrimination against the German ethnic communities, the Second World War also brought important socio-economic developments to Ellis County, resulting in a disproportionate exposure to the contact society and increased mobility. Due to these factors the speech islands was compelled to compromise its cultural and linguistic uniformity and self-sustainability. This development led in the decades following the Second World War to a rapid and final language shift from the dialect to the contact language. The evidence suggests that, due to the historical breakdown of the speech islands, the Volga-German dialect and culture will also perish with the deaths of our informants' generation. References: Keel, William D. "One the Heimatbestimmung of the Ellis County ( Kansas) Volga-German Dialects." Yearbook of German-American Studies 17 (1982): 99-109. Mattheier, Klaus J. Handout: "Vorschläge für die Definition von 'Sprachinsel'" Modern German Dialects. The University of Kansas, Spring Semester 2000. G. Scott Seeger The University of Kansas gsseeger@ku.edu | George Henry GREEN
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| 35 | Sisch De Hochschta Zait (It's time!) Almost all German-Russians are not only hard workers, they are time watchers; that is, they can seldom find enough time in a twenty-four hour day to do all the work they want to do or feel they must do because of a guilt complex embedded deeply in their primitive cells. One of their most precious mottos is, "Arbeit macht das Leben suess!" (Work make life sweet!) Yes, you heard it correctly. WORK, and almost nothing else, makes life sweet for a German-Russian. The sweetness does not come from the benefits or products of work, but from the act of working; that is, the work is both the cause and effect of the sweetness. Now, if that work begins just a few seconds late, the boss (or the exalted rooster) will yell out loudly, "Sisch de hochschta Zait!" (Es ist die hoechste Zeit!), which literally means, "It is the highest time!" And this to a German-Russian means, "It is the limit of time." The limit of what time? Ah, the time it takes for the boss to explode because of the limit of his enduring impatience! In other words, the workers had better have themselves and their equipment in high gear before the boss has time to inhale again and let out his last and final blast. From Let's Talk German-Russian with Ernschtina un Hanswurscht by Prof. Arnold H. Marzolf | George Henry GREEN
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| 36 | THE GIANT CATFISH OF THE VOLGA RIVER, RUSSIA Alex Huber of Nurenberg, Germany writes to Paul Koehler on October 31, 2009: My Grandmother, Berta Huber (1912-2002) told me that the beginning of the 1920's was extremely lean in Bangert, Russia, they had almost nothing to eat. The only salvation was the men fishing the Volga River. Her uncle Peter Huber once caught a giant catfish, many feet long. The family ate themselves full one time. Peter's signature is on a letter of appreciation (1923) from the village of Bangert to the Volga Relief Society and to some of there relatives who were living in North America at the time. The Wels Catfish is a scaleless fresh water and brackish water catfish, recognizable by its broad flat head and wide mouth. The mouth contains lines of numerous small teeth, two long barbells on the upper jaw and four shorter barbells on the lower jaw. It has a long anal fin that extends to the caudal fin and a small sharp dorsal fin positioned relatively forward. It uses its sharp pectoral fins to capture prey. With these fins, it creates an eddy to disorient its victim, which it simply engulfs in its enormous throat. It has very slippery green-brown skin. Its belly is pale yellow or white. Wels Catfish can live for at least thirty years and have very good hearing. The female produces up to 30,000 eggs. The male guards the nest until the brood hatches, which depending on water temperature, can take from three to ten days. If the water level decreases too much or too fast the male has been observed to splash the eggs with its muscular tail in order to keep them wet. The Wels Catfish lives on worms, insects, crustacean and fish and the larger ones also eat frogs, mice, rats and aquatic birds such as a duck. These catfish live in large water lakes and deep, slow moving rivers such as the Volga. It prefers to remain in sheltered locations such as holes in the river bed, sunken trees, etc. It consumes its food in the open water or on the bottom. Tell the stories. Paul Koehler, Village Coordinator for Bangert and Stahl am Tarlyk | George Henry GREEN
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| 37 | Wolgadeutsche Monatshefte Number 3, 1 September 1922 (Translated courtesy Hugh Lichtenwald) The Fate of the Refugees in Western Russia The situation of the refugees in Minsk and Poloczk worsens from week to week. In Minsk there are some 2000, in Poloczyk about 3000 refugees. The majority can expect a terrible fate if immediate and substantial aid is not rendered. A reliable source in the Volga German Society reported to us about the situation in Minsk and also described the situation of the new arrivals a few days ago in the "Homecoming Camp" in Frankfurt a.O. as extremely grievous. Of the 2000 refugees in Minsk, 500 have received permission to emigrate to Germany and America. A portion of these arrived a few days ago in Frankfurt and list of them is at the end of our report. The majority of them are on their way. 97 orphans will shortly be transferred to the Bodelschwinghschen Institute in Bethel (the institute still exists today---Hugh L.). Little provision has been made for their care, we cannot estimate the length of time they will require hospitalization and thus money must be raised for these people. 1500 have no chance of leaving Minsk. The remain trapped there unable to either come out or go back. Even if they wanted to return home they are unable to because the government will not return them free of charge but requires a fee of about 10 million Rubel per head. To transport them back alone would cost many millions of Marks which the Society does not have. However it is also obviously inadvisable because there is less for them to live on there than in Minsk. They would have no work, no place to stay and only very poor food because most, in a final desperate act of despair, have sold or pledged their share; they did not plant and so with the extremely poor harvest, cannot claim a share of food. The return home would have as its consequence the aggravation of an already difficult situation and eventually result in disaster. Until 1 September the people in Minsk lived a half-way human existence since the "White Russian" (Ukrainian--Hugh L.) government has provided some stone barracks which are reasonably clean and decent, in which, though very crowded, they can live. The cost was shared by the German Red Cross, the A.R.A. and us. As of 1 September however, the A.R.A. no longer works in Minsk and it is also very questionable whether the "White Russian" government will continue to allow the people use of the barracks. In any case, an order has already been issued that these areas are to be vacated and the 1500 have to be moved into completely inadequate wooden barracks that only have curtains for doors and windows. The people are unprotected and will become exposed to inclement elements of winter. To their discredit, the German Red Cross wants to leave these unfortunates in the lurch, however we have pledged to come up with the money necessary in order to pay for their board and to make the barracks ready for winter. The repair of the barracks will cost about 1500 dollars and boarding 10,000 dollars. Whether anything other than a small portion of these sums required can be raised here in Germany is questionable because Germany is carrying too heavy a burden under the reparations treaty and, obviously, the fate of the Mark is approaching that of the Rubel. In Poloczk it is even worse because we have not yet been able to set up an Aid Station, unfortunately because we lack the money. The housing and feeding of the people here is, frankly, dreadful. Also the medical assistance of the Germany Red Cross is absent since the German Red Cross has no more money to begin new programs. So far we have only succeeded in arranging for the transfer of 400 orphan children from Poloczyk to Germany. However, who will feed and clothe them here? The following is extracted from the official report of the Director of the Evacuation Commission. "The exodus of the Volga Germans began in October of last year. These people came partly at their own expense and partly at government expense under the provision that they would be put to work and sent on. Many took up residence in barracks on the edge of the city. Most however, preferred to seek out quarters for themselves in the city. All came forward to register themselves when requested since it meant they wanted to work their way to Germany. All of the refugees received bread. Those who arrived first got 7, later on 5 and 4 days worth and finally with the last travelers, cut back to 3 days worth. Now, in accordance with the same orders, children under the age of 12 are only given 1/2 Pfund of bread and some Pea, Bean or Potato Soup daily. The barracks are roomy and are often disinfected, as well as are the people, there is sufficient medical help for the sick as medicines are sufficiently at hand. Recently a transport of approximately 500 persons was sent to their old homeland and the remainder, consisting of about 150 people, should follow in the next few days. The situation of the Germans in Poloczk is one that is quite good, as one understands good, since the people provide for themselves through casual labor." Our source then reports as follows: This gentleman could not or would not give any data about the numbers of illnesses and deaths that had already occurred. It is his opinion that the refugees are adequately provided for and that no assistance of any kind from foreign relief organizations is necessary. This is the official report delivered to me in a bombastic address by the Director of the Evacuation Commission at the meeting in Poloczyk on the 17th of this month. Although I already knew that this glowing picture of the Volga German situation in Poloczk was only a bad copy of a "Potemkin Village," (Potemkin was one of Catherine the Great's ministers who was famous for erecting false fronts of villages along the banks of rivers so that the Empress Catherine would be satisfied with the settlement project while on a water tour of settlements. I considered it would be superfluous to deal with this organization in a closed door session since it was to be liquidated and likely no longer exists, but to seek out the answers to the thousands of questions that lingered on my lips. I turned to other organizations which had no direct relationship with the Volga Germans but nevertheless hat to more or less work with them. The first was the "Narobas" (Dept. of National Education), where I hoped to receive clarification on the accommodation of the German orphans. Unfortunately I was also unable to learn anything positive there and I turned to the "Otdel sozialowo Obopetschenja" (Dept. of Public Welfare Services), where I found to my great satisfaction that this organization had up to today accommodated 147 Families, in total 1265 persons, within the city and whose return to the city was expected after the completion of harvest work. In order to avoid the responsibility of caring for the orphans from their own funds, those poor children under the age of 15, the greater portion of them about 8 years of age or slightly older, were sent by this organization to the farms in the countryside where, experience teaches, they would be heavily exploited. The "Otdel-Sdrawoochranenja" (Russian Red Cross) demonstrated its interest in the Volga Germans by the fact that whenever a Sanitation Inspector would occasionally visit the camp barracks and complain of shortages, they would content themselves with forwarding the complaints to the appropriate authorities for action. I could not find the "Pomgelod" (Committee for Aid to the Hungry) and was also not naive enough to believe that it would have done anything for the German refugees. Rather, I contacted a representative of the "Ewebschaftkom" (the Jewish Welfare Organization) which was the only organization to provide any real assistance to the Germans in this city. A visit to the Children's Hospital of this Society was a totally satisfying experience. Presently there are 5 German children there. The Hospital is only a Hospital in the Russian sense of the word. The treatment of the patients is a charity performed by the organization since the day it was opened on 27 February, accommodated 126 patients of which 58, or 46 percent of them were Germans who were suffering various illnesses brought on by hunger. Of these 58 German children 13, or 22 percent died. In the beginning the Hospital had 25 beds, however this number had to be reduced to 15 since it lacks energetic support and also medicines and food for the patients and they expressed their fear that the organization would have to completely shut down if needed assistance is not brought soon. Since this Hospital accommodates mostly German children and Jewish parents have a well-known aversion to placing their children in such a Hospital, they urgently requested of me to work out a way to send them medicines and bandages, etc. The General Hospital accepts only those patients who are able to pay a daily fee of 2-3 million Rubel. The "Lazarett" (infirmary or military hospital) associated with the barracks is there only to treat epidemics. In 2 orphanages that I visited and which are likewise funded by the Jewish Relief Organization with the help of a small government grant, I found 8 German orphans, who praised their food and their treatment. Up to the 12th of this month, 50 German children were accommodated in one of these orphanages but were removed by relatives and taken on the last transport to their old homeland. These are the official reports made to me by the Russian authorities during my visit to Poloczyk. My private findings are as follows: I visited the camp barracks and the orphans quarters of the Volga Germans living in the city incognito on the day of my arrival and determined by my personal count that there are over 600 Germans living in Poloczyk. Of these 40 percent are children and of these about 245 of them are orphans. Their situation is deplorable. They have not yet received any kind of support excepting the 3 or 4 Pfund of Bread they received at the time of registration. Thanks to the fact that a Kitchen was opened for Lithuanian and Polish refugees in the Poloczyk camp about 8 days ago, approximately 10 percent of the German children are also being fed. The accommodations are miserable and very dirty, garbage filled and all around on the inside, covered and recovered with spider webs. They were never disinfected and the possibility of bathing in this disaster area is, for the inhabitants, inadvisable. The Russian authorities installed a kind of Camp Commandant whose only task apparently is to guard the camp and ensure that the barracks are not torn down and used for firewood. Near each of the barracks, of which there are 14, you will find a Latrine, all of these Latrines are over full and their ill smelling contents flow into wide pools around the camp so that everywhere only one smell prevails. Although the camp itself is outside the city, it is in the midst of great beauty by way of the powerful growth of greenery where it meets the sumptuous dung. It needs to be especially pointed out that these standing pools are the breeding ground of myriads of Fleas, Mosquitoes and Gnats and suchlike, which greatly plague the poor camp residents and now in the summer it is the most ideal time for the outbreak of disease. The Kitchen is a wooden hut whose insides of furnace, kettles and cooking gear are covered in filth. The Northwest corner of the Poloczyk camp is particularly interesting in that it is a typical example of how the simplest sanitation and hygiene measures have been ignored. 15 paces from the Kitchen is an overflowing and now closed Latrine in the middle of a sea of disgusting, spreading, smelly filth and even more disgusting insects housed in this toilet water. 5 paces from it stands another newly dug Latrine. 8 paces from it is the discharge pipe of the water line which brings the camp its drinking water and also where dirty laundry is washed; to the left of it and in close proximity is the Morgue in which the dead lay, often for days, before they are buried. Close behind is the Epidemic Barracks, the nightmare of all of the camp residents and directly past it some 25 paces is the cemetery in which the dead are not buried deep enough and where the ground water already has risen to nearly a meter in depth. All these, Kitchen and Latrines, Well and Cemetery, Hospital and Morgue lie peacefully side by side in an area of not quite on quarter of the total area of 1000 square meters. The accommodations of the Volga Germans in single quarters likewise defies description. In the ruins of charred, shot up houses left after the war, they furnished themselves half-way acceptable shelters or a basement, so that they are protected against the wind and rain. From a visit to these accommodations on the part of that incredible Health Inspector, I unfortunately, was able to learn nothing. A great drawback of these accommodations, since they are mostly cellar dwellings, is that they are swimming in water during rainy weather. As for Latrines, there are none to speak of, so everyone performs their necessary functions wherever their feet are able to find a clear patch of ground. The German refugees are nearly all, without exception, without means and live by begging and by the occasional sale of their only remaining meagre belongings. Their food is exclusively Potatoes. Bread for them is a rare delicacy. For this reason their state of health is also unspeakable. At every hand one meets people whose features show the typical signs of starvation. Only 2 days before my arrival 2 people were buried who had literally starved to death because they did not have anyone to take care of them since their own misery had made them into strangers. Only the women are able to earn anything. They seek work washing laundry in the poor Jewish settlement for which they are able to earn a small amount. Of course the possibility of earning something existed recently through the start of construction of a bridge across the Dwina (River), however most are too weak for such heavy work. Those who still had some prospects back in their old villages have gone and those that remain are those to whom the future here in Russia can offer nothing more, they have lost all their holdings and property, their next of kin and finally, their health and now they await an inevitable, assured end. They carry on with their dull and gloomy days in which the preparations for their meagre meal are their only encouraging moments.The men sit mutely around the smoldering fire and the emaciated skeletons or shapelessly swollen children follow the movements of the mother's skilled hands with greedy eyes as she carefully peels the Potatoes, striving to create as few peelings as possible. Mutely and yet impatiently, one notices their eyes flickering greedily here and there in expectation of this so precious fruit. Finally the pot is taken from the fire and one witnesses loud smacking and devouring of the still over-hot food by those ravenous unfortunates. But only too soon the pot is emptied and with an expression of regret the spoon is licked clean, a last look into the empty pot to see if there was an atom of Potato or a burnt-on crust remaining and everything again lapses into dull silent brooding, no play, no joke, no singing of bright girlish voices and deep manly tones as they were once accustomed to when they lived in their rich old homeland. Only if here and there one is building his castle in the sky and begins to think out loud and speaks the word "Deutschland" or "Amerika" do the heads of those remaining jerk up as if electrified, immediately thereafter they again hang sadly, then one speaks: "Ach, they have forgotten us. We have sent out so many letters and telegrams and yet no help has come. We will have to go to our graves in misery." Are we to leave these brothers to their fate? Who can carry this on his conscience? Who is capable of bearing such a responsibility? ------------------------------ From a letter from Kursk we take the following about the situation of the refugees there: I turn to your esteemed Society with an urgent request to render assistance for the Volga refugees, Volga Colonists from the Government Samara, a portion of whom are here in the city of Kursk and a portion who have found Government accommodations. As I hear it, you distribute articles of clothing for the needy. I ask you to immediately communicate to me whether I may dare to hope for such a clothing shipment. Clothing and laundry items for children of all ages are particularly desirable. Then for a group of young children about to be adults and receive the blessing of Confirmation by me and who have no clothing. There is great misery among the protestant and also the catholic German colonists living here. There are about 100 families in all. I ask you to help and tell me the safest way I can receive a shipment. I have been the Evangelical Lutheran Pastor here in Kursk since 1906. In my Pastorate are 2 families of Volga colonists, 13 souls, including 7 children. Help for Christ's sake! Asking for an answer, Pastor Alfred Baschwitz, Moskovskaia 19, Kursk, Russia. | George Henry GREEN
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| 38 | Fred and Carrie Grimmer Andrew ?Fred? Grimmer was born on February 7, 1860 and died on October 9, 1948 at the age of 88. Caroline ?Carrie? Guenther was born on October 6, 1871 and died on December 16, 1932 at the age of 61. They were both born in Hamilton County, Ohio. Married on ? Buried in Reading Cemetery section 12, lot 56EH Fred's occupation at the time of Ernst's birth was a fireman. Fred, or his father, Andreas, had worked as a boatman on the Erie Canal in his younger years. Fred later retired from Proctor & Gamble, (possibly a fireman while there?). Fred's granddaughter, Lillian (Grimmer) Lutz, recalls an incident of a time when Fred was in his 80?s and he caught a mattress on fire while smoking his pipe. Fred?s daughter-in-law, Anna, thought that they had put out the fire but decided to set it out in the yard for awhile anyway. Later they checked and saw it in flames. Their 4 children are: 1. Clyde ? died in infancy, dates unknown. We do know it was before 1904. He is buried in Reading Cemetery. 2. Ernst ? December 14, 1904 ? November 15, 1986. (see attached document). · Lillian (Grimmer) Lutz · David Lutz · Stephen, Malorie and Bradley Lutz 3. George Fredrick- December 22, 1911 ? December 25, 1994. George is buried at Reading Cemetery. He married Verna Virginia Kaufmann on June 10, 1933. Verna was born March 30, 1913. 1. Ronald Gene - December 14,1936. His wife?s name is Marcia. She was born July 17, 1937. 1.Lynn Stephanie ? born on September 4, 1964. She married a man with the last name of Johnson on October 20,1990. 1. Courtney Anne - August 4, 1996 2. McKenna Caroline ? August 30, 1998 3. Ryan Cameron ? August 30, 1998 2. Kevin Ashley ? born on May 11, 1967. He was married on October 17, 1992. 1. William Droste ? April 12, 1997 2. Ashley Jane ? January 27, 2001 George was pianist and organist at Saint Matthews Church in Elmwood Place and also later at Trinity Church in Blueash. 4. Pearl ? died in infancy, dates unknown. She is buried in Reading Cemetery. Note: We know that Caroline / Carolyn had at least one sister. | Andrew GRIMMER
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| 39 | First Generation -------------------------------------------------- 1. Johann Caspar Gruen. Born in 1738 in , , Hesse, Germany. abt 1761 when Johann Caspar was 23, he married Gertrude Elisabeth in , , Hesse, Germany. Born in 1737 in , , Hesse, Germany. Gertrude Elisabeth died in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia, aft 1768; she was 31. They had the following children: i. Georg Philipp. Born in 1762 in , , Hesse, Germany. 2 ii. Jacob (1767-1821) 3 iii. Adrian (1 Jan 1770-16 Feb 1846) 4 iv. Johannes (1771-1826) 5 v. Casimir (8 Mar 1774-6 Aug 1836) 6 vi. Friedrich (6 Jan 1779-1 Oct 1844) Second Generation -------------------------------------------------- 6. Friedrich Gruen. Born on 6 Jan 1779 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. Friedrich died in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia, on 1 Oct 1844; he was 65. On 24 May 1799 when Friedrich was 20, he married Catharina Kreis in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. Born on 14 Jun 1780 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. Catharina died in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia, on 6 Mar 1862; she was 81. They had the following children: 20 i. Heinrich (7 Jun 1803-27 Jul 1874) 21 ii. Peter (5 May 1807-) 22 iii. Johannes (24 Jan 1809-2 Apr 1876) 23 iv. Ludwig (13 Apr 1812-27 Jul 1853) v. Catharina. Born on 21 Feb 1815 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. 24 vi. Conrad (3 Jul 1817-) vii. Sophia. Born on 13 Mar 1819 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. abt 1840 when Sophia was 20, she first married Will in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. Born abt 1817 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. On 24 Jan 1844 when Sophia was 24, she second married Johannes Fischer in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. Born on 9 Jun 1822 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. 25 viii. Nicolaus (25 May 1821-) ix. Rosina. Born on 15 Mar 1824 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. On 17 Feb 1848 when Rosina was 23, she first married Georg Stürtz in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. Born on 4 Oct 1824 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. On 12 Nov 1867 when Rosina was 43, she second married Johannes Bott in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. Born on 25 Jan 1822 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. 26 x. Adam (18 Mar 1826-) Third Generation -------------------------------------------------- 23. Ludwig Gruen. Born on 13 Apr 1812 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. Ludwig died in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia, on 27 Jul 1853; he was 41. On 4 Mar 1837 when Ludwig was 24, he married Anna Maria Schleicher, daughter of Johann Adam Schleicher (1776-1824) & Catharina Reuscher (20 Dec 1780-28 Oct 1847), in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. Born on 2 Feb 1818 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. Anna Maria died in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia, on 24 Jul 1862; she was 44. They had the following children: i. Sophia. Born in 1838 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. Sophia died in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia, on 29 Jun 1839; she was 1. ii. Rosina. Born on 8 Nov 1843 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. iii. Elisabeth. Born on 23 Mar 1846 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. iv. Anna Maria. Born on 18 Aug 1848 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. Anna Maria died in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia, on 25 Jul 1849; she was <1. v. Margaretha. Born on 15 Jun 1850 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. vi. Johannes. Born on 8 Oct 1852 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. On 15 Jan 1874 when Johannes was 21, he married Catharina Hoelzer, daughter of Nicolaus Hoelzer (6 Apr 1813-27 Nov 1893) & Christina Dick (13 Oct 1819-15 Jun 1855), in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. Born on 8 Sep 1854 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. Catharina died in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia, on 8 Aug 1884; she was 29. 24. Conrad Gruen. Born on 3 Jul 1817 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. On 4 Feb 1841 when Conrad was 23, he married Elisabeth Bauer, daughter of Johann Yost Bauer (20 Nov 1787-8 Jun 1862) & Christina Hohnstein (27 Jun 1798-4 Aug 1848), in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. Born on 16 Apr 1823 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. Elisabeth died in Neu-Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. They had the following children: i. Rosina. Born on 5 Mar 1842 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. ii. Peter. Born on 27 Sep 1844 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. 26. Adam Gruen. Born on 18 Mar 1826 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. On 22 Jan 1846 when Adam was 19, he married Catharina Wolf in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. Born on 9 Aug 1823 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. They had the following children: i. Jacob. Born on 5 Oct 1847 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. Jacob died in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia, on 28 Mar 1849; he was 1. ii. Margaretha. Born on 25 Jul 1849 in Norka, Saratov, Volga, Russia. | Johann Casper GRÜN
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| 40 | ger-volga-bounces@rootsweb.com; on behalf of; schultzrk@aol.com Colonists traveling by ship from Germany to Russia where they boarded trains for the long trip to Saratov on the Volga River. Sent: Wed 1/20/2010 12:03 PM I was asked to add the names of the destination villages to my list of ships. Elephant - 9 Aug 1766 Adam Hohnstein 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #157 Johannes Blum 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #140 Jacob Hohmann 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #140 Widow, Margaretha Repp 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #59 Conrad Reuspig (Reuspich/Reispich) died enroute; widow Anna Margaretha15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #75 Nicolaus Müller (Mueller) 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #231 Johannes Arndt to Norka 15 Aug 1767 FSL #157 Christian Sphan died enroute; son, Johann Heinrich, 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #53a Ernst Traudt 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL#66 Heinrich Brill (b 1714) 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #73 Heinrich Brill ( b 1733) 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #76 Johannes Brill 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #77 Widow, Catharina Haas 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #10 (married to Caspar Weigandt) Heinrich Dörr (b 1724) 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #120 Heinrich Dörr (b 1737) 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #123 Johann Dörr died enroute; son, Georg Friedrich, 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #119 Andreas Heinrich 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #63 Johann Adam Hölzer 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #164a Johann Conrad Hölzer 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #88 Conrad Krieger (Krueger) 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #163 Carl Maul 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #6b Melxior Hahn (Melchior) 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #148 Philipp Reuscher 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #147 Johannes Huck 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #131 Nicolaus Hohnstein 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #49 Peter Rothau (Roth) 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #64 Daniel Weigandt 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #78 Conrad Schleicher (Schleiger) 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #51 Elephant - 29 Aug 1766 Heinrich Burbach died enroute; widow, Anna Justina, 26 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #185 Anton Bäcker 15 Aug 1766 to Norka FSL #160 Johannes Wilhelm 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #38 Philipp Jacob Pauly 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #16 Ernst Müller to Norka 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #21 Johannes Müller 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #102 Conrad Reifschneider died enroute; son, Johannes, 18 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #26a Jacob Schmer 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #143 Michael (Melchior) Schneider 26 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #187 Georg Jost 26 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #189 Johannes Schnell 26 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #193 Georg Heinrich Schäfer died enroute; son, Johann Heinrich, 26 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #191a Friedrich Lehl 26 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #186 Heinrich Schindler 26 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #168 Johann Heinrich Weber 18 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #26 Johann Georg Bauer died enroute; son, Georg, 26 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #180a Johann Heinrich Fuchs 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #39 Johann Daniel Jacoby 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #106 Johannes Hammer 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #14 Commander-Reders - 14 Sept 1766 Carl Albert (Albrecht) died enroute; son, Johann Heinrich, 2 Sept 1767 to Norka FSL #196 Conrad Dick 2 Sept 1767 to Norka FSL #204 Johann Hagelganz to Kutter Georg Müller 2 Sept 1767 to Norka FSL #198 Georg Popp 2 Sept 1767 to Norka FSL #202 Streline - 9 Aug 1766 Heinrich Alt 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #125 Johann Georg Bechthold 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #96 Johann Heinrich Brehm 15 Aug 1767to Norka FSL #133 Peter Bott 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #132 Conrad Müller 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #1 - Vorsteher (Colony Leader) Nicolaus Schilling 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #2 Widow, Eva Catharina Lofink 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #93 Lorenz Kuhn 26 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #178 Johann Adam Schleicher (Schleicker/Schleuger) 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #99 Johannes - 15 Sept 1766 Johann Ludwig Bastron to Frank Appollo - 29 Aug 1766 Philipp Brun (Bruhn) 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #104 Wilhelm Sterkel (Störkel/Stärkel) 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #122 Christian Weitzel 26 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #172 Heinrich Kern to Norka 15 Aug 1767 FSL #146 Tomas Kaiser 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #108 Vologda - 10 Aug 1766 Ludwig Fink 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #45 Johann Casper Grün 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #32 Ernst Glanz to died enroute; son, Johannes, 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #36 Martin Ross 18 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #27 Christoph Schneider died enroute; widow, Anna, married Martin Ross 18 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #27 Johannes Mohr 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #34 Johann Georg Ruppel to Kutter Johann Traugot Schwartz 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #161 Commander - Dairdov - 8 Aug 1766 Johannes Hartung 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #79 Conrad Werth 18 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #24a Conrad Preisendorf 18 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #24 Commander - Kün (Hün) - 31 July 1766 Jacob Weitzel 26 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #167 Commander - Pezepechny (Perepechy) - 9 Aug 1766 Ernst Gerlach 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #124 Andreas Nolde 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL # 18 Johannes Scheidemann 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #84 Johann Heinrich Schlitt died enroute; son, Johannes, 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #18a New Drinka - 30 May 1766 Philipp Hartung to Frank Love and Unity - 4 July 1766 Jacob Degenauo to Moor Johannes Sauer 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #68 Andreas Bonacker 7 June 1767 to Paulskoje Heinrichsen - 8 Aug 1766 Friedrich Jäger died enroute; sons, Wilhelm & Johann Peter 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL # 97; widow Anna Elisabeth married Lorenz Hergenräder Commander - Heidemann - 8 Aug 1766 Widow, Barbara Pfenning-village unknown (possibly Kolb), son, Friedrick, to Norka by 1798 Lion - 22 July 1766 Johannes Giebelhaus 15 Aug 1767 to Norka FSL #109 Caspar Boll/Bohl to Huck Joseph Schienemann/Schoneman/Schönemann to Norka 15 Aug 1767 FSL #116 Johann Heinrich Schenk to Kutter Young Friederica - 13 Sept 1766 Johannes Wacker 2 Sept 1767 to Norka FSL #195 De perle - 18 June 1766 Adam Walter to Kolb 13 May 1767 Maria Sophia - 25 July 1766 Johann Georg Deines to Doennhof 18 June 1767 Young Matthew - 4 July 1766 Philipp Lauck to Doennhof 18 June 1767 Fortuna - 4 July 1766 Johann Christoph Dreith left Lubeck on 4 July 1766, went to Beideck in summer of 1767 Johann Ludwig Pabst to Beideck Catharina Eleonora - 20 May 1766 Jacob Saurbrej to Beideck Adler - 3 June 1766 Friedrich Altergott to Doennhof St. Paul - 4 July 1766 Jacob Dahmer to Beideck in 1767 Dr. Ruth Schultz, Life Member of the American Historical Society of Germans from Russia(AHSGR) and Swenson Scholar Researching surnames: Blum, Frueauf, Weitzel & Scheidemann from Norka | Johann Casper GRÜN
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| 41 | Blaine County Montana USGENWEB Montana Archives,maintained by burns@asu.edu This file is a part of the Bureau of Land Management Database for the states of Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota. Data edited and prepared by Joy Fisher, jfisher@ucla.edu. The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) inherited the functions of the General Land Office when it was established by Congress in 1946. The South Dakota Land Patents Database, derived from General Land Office and BLM information, contains deeds (primarily patents) issued by the United States in the region now known as the State of South Dakota between 1859 and 1995. While BLM has been referred to as "the Nations record keeper", it is the National Archives that actually keeps the files. The BLM, maintains diagrammatic plats known as Master Title Plats, which depict lands which are owned by the United States and lands which are patented. However, these plats do not have any information about who the lands were patented to. That information which has only been available after tedious research, it is available now in this database. The South Dakota Land Patents Database contains the following information for each land transaction: date, location (township, range, section, meridian), name of person the land was patented to, case type, conveyance type, county, and the patent document identification number. Using this information you can obtain copies of the patent file for $10 from the National Archives at the following address: Reference Branch (Lands) National Archives Washington, DC 20408 (202) 501-5428 You need to submit your request on a copy of Form 84. To get the form, send an e-mail message to inquire@nara.gov In the body of the message, be sure to ask for Form 84 "Order for Copies of Land Entry Files", tell them how many copies you want (get at least 2, in case you make a mistake) and give your name and snail address so they can send you the forms.(Or you can send a snail mail letter to above address). Sending by e-mail takes less than a week; by snail mail both ways takes about 2 weeks. Key to Case Types 181000- Public Lands Litigation 186001- Quit claim deed by US 210000- Acquisition by US 220000- Land exchange 230000- Withdrawal of Land by US 240000- Classification of Lands by US 250000 Disposition: Use and Occupancy 251000- Homestead 252000- Desert Land Act 253000- Indian Patents 254000- Color of Title Act 255000- Mining Claim Occupancy Act 260000 Grants 261000- Military Scrip Warrant Patents 262000- Lands to the State of South Dakota 262500- Swamp Land 263000- Rail Road Grants 264000- Airport conveyance act 270000 Sales 271000- Public Land Sale 272000- Cash 273000- Small Tract 274000- Recreation & Public Purposes 275000- Cemeteries and Parks 276000- Townsites 278000- Unintentional Trespass 371000 Multiple Use Act 386000 Mining Laws 386200- Lode Mining Claims 386300- Placer Mining Claims 386400- Millsite Claims Land Conveyance types in this database: PA - Patent GD - Grant Deed WD - Warranty Deed Land Conveyances to the State of South Dakota IL - State Lieu Selection (Lands the State selected in-lieu of sections 16 and 36, which they were entitled to but did not receive) LS - Forest Lieu Selection SG - State Grant SS - State Selection Meridians 05 - 5th Principal Meridian -- located in the eastern part of Iowa 06 - 6th Principal Meridian -- located south of Yankton - not used by east River counties 07 - Black Hills Meridian -- located on the SD - WY border Source: http://files.usgwarchives.org/mt/blaine/land/m.txt NAME MERIDIAN TWP RANGE SECTION ACREAGE TYPE CASETYPE DOCID DATE MALLON ADAM 20 028 N 018 E 032 80 251101 PA 682790 06/05/1919 MALLON ADAM 20 028 N 018 E 033 80 251101 PA 682790 06/05/1919 MALLON ADAM 20 028 N 018 E 034 160 272002 PA 617701 02/20/1918 MALLON ANTONIE 20 027 N 018 E 004 40 272002 PA 348269 07/25/1913 MALLON ANTONIE 20 027 N 018 E 004 40 272002 PA 348269 07/25/1913 MALLON ANTONIE 20 027 N 018 E 005 40 272002 PA 348269 07/25/1913 MALLON ANTONIE 20 027 N 018 E 005 40 272002 PA 348269 07/25/1913 MALLON ANTONIE 20 028 N 018 E 032 120 272002 PA 500870 11/26/1915 MALLON ANTONIE 20 028 N 018 E 032 120 272002 PA 500870 11/26/1915 MALLON ANTONIE 20 028 N 018 E 032 120 272002 PA 500870 07/27/1915 | Antonie Selma HINTZ
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| 42 | Homestead Act The "prove-up" period was shortened from five to three years in 1912 and the Enlarged Homestead Act increased the size of claims to 320 acres in 1909. | Antonie Selma HINTZ
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| 43 | Married to Adam Mallon at Chinook, Montana in 1900 | Antonie Selma HINTZ
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| 44 | The following is a letter written by Antonie (or as I called her, Grandma Toni) to Adam sometime after he passed away in 1941 and before 1952 when she passed. I have the original letter but it is written in pencil and would be difficult to copy. As I remember her, she was a strong willed woman with a lot of business sense. Hopefully, I have copied this correctly. There are some misspellings and punctuation errors. At any rate, it is close. [Judith Riddle nee Cooper] The letter reads: Darling, I read some of the letters you wrote to me so many years ago and I felt as if you were right beside me, I have forgotten so much of our life together so I am going to tell you all I can remember from the beginning. It will bring you back to me again. We wrote to each other so long before we met that it seemed I knew you before I ever saw you, but I found you were a stranger just the same, when you came to the door with Louis. I had an old skirt on way too short that I had used in haying and I was embarred (sp). I could see by your face you thought I was awfull young. To me you seemed older than I had pictured you, you looked very much like an another man I had known and who had liked me. You made yourself right at home and fitted into the family so easy they liked you, to me you were so strange, different than Minnesota people, those high heeled boots, the gloves in your back pockets that went on your hands the minute you went out, but I liked to hear you talk. You were witty and nobodys fool. You stayed a couple days helping with the work and you helped one noon wiping dishes, you had to bribe Erna with the promise of a new doll to leave us alone. I knew what was coming that you were going to ask me to marry you, but although I liked you I couldn't make up my mind if I would say yes or no. You wiped the dishes awhile but I never turned to look at you and all at once you said "Toni is there any hope for me" I had my hands in the dishwater and they just stopped working and my mind kept _____ (can't read this word) back and forth shall I say yes or no. There were a thousand thoughts going through my mind how little chance I had getting a husband in Minn. I had no money just a servant girl not too good looking I was only nineteen but I had worked hard for a living seven years allready wages were to low for even decent clothes 7 or 9 dollars a month don't go far and the woman I had worked for had plenty tantrums too, so I was debating, marrying couldn't turn out too bad, I didn't love you not then but I knew you were honest you'd treat me right and if it didn't work out I could allways make my living somewheres so I said yes. You took me in your arms dishrag and all and kissed me. I bet you never knew that you were the first man that had ever kissed me and then you said "you'll never regret it" and I never have. You told me years afterwards that you never expected that I would take you. You stayed four more days and you never crowded me with too many hugs and kisses. We visited around quite and the more I saw of you the better I liked you. I can remember one afternoon you were sitting on the old sofa and I came and sat on a chair beside you. You were very quiet as if you were waiting and I thought "I am going to marry him it wont hurt to like his hand" I put my hand on yours and got the biggest electric shock, you never moved but I had the feeling that you were exerting all your will to do so, you didn't want to scare me off didn't you darling, you knew I was pretty shy. After we were married I wish I had asked you what you felt that time, I never did ask and now I never can, you are gone and only your dear memory is left. When you left for Montana I wouldn't kiss you goodby at the depot, too many people around that knew me, more shyness, I knew you felt bad about it but I couldn't help it. You told me after we were married that you were sure that I wouldn't go through with it and marry you, you didn't know me, I wouldn't have broken my word for anything. Antonie | Antonie Selma HINTZ
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| 45 | Blaine County Montana USGENWEB Montana Archives,maintained by burns@asu.edu This file is a part of the Bureau of Land Management Database for the states of Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota. Data edited and prepared by Joy Fisher, jfisher@ucla.edu. The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) inherited the functions of the General Land Office when it was established by Congress in 1946. The South Dakota Land Patents Database, derived from General Land Office and BLM information, contains deeds (primarily patents) issued by the United States in the region now known as the State of South Dakota between 1859 and 1995. While BLM has been referred to as "the Nations record keeper", it is the National Archives that actually keeps the files. The BLM, maintains diagrammatic plats known as Master Title Plats, which depict lands which are owned by the United States and lands which are patented. However, these plats do not have any information about who the lands were patented to. That information which has only been available after tedious research, it is available now in this database. The South Dakota Land Patents Database contains the following information for each land transaction: date, location (township, range, section, meridian), name of person the land was patented to, case type, conveyance type, county, and the patent document identification number. Using this information you can obtain copies of the patent file for $10 from the National Archives at the following address: Reference Branch (Lands) National Archives Washington, DC 20408 (202) 501-5428 You need to submit your request on a copy of Form 84. To get the form, send an e-mail message to inquire@nara.gov In the body of the message, be sure to ask for Form 84 "Order for Copies of Land Entry Files", tell them how many copies you want (get at least 2, in case you make a mistake) and give your name and snail address so they can send you the forms.(Or you can send a snail mail letter to above address). Sending by e-mail takes less than a week; by snail mail both ways takes about 2 weeks. Key to Case Types 181000- Public Lands Litigation 186001- Quit claim deed by US 210000- Acquisition by US 220000- Land exchange 230000- Withdrawal of Land by US 240000- Classification of Lands by US 250000 Disposition: Use and Occupancy 251000- Homestead 252000- Desert Land Act 253000- Indian Patents 254000- Color of Title Act 255000- Mining Claim Occupancy Act 260000 Grants 261000- Military Scrip Warrant Patents 262000- Lands to the State of South Dakota 262500- Swamp Land 263000- Rail Road Grants 264000- Airport conveyance act 270000 Sales 271000- Public Land Sale 272000- Cash 273000- Small Tract 274000- Recreation & Public Purposes 275000- Cemeteries and Parks 276000- Townsites 278000- Unintentional Trespass 371000 Multiple Use Act 386000 Mining Laws 386200- Lode Mining Claims 386300- Placer Mining Claims 386400- Millsite Claims Land Conveyance types in this database: PA - Patent GD - Grant Deed WD - Warranty Deed Land Conveyances to the State of South Dakota IL - State Lieu Selection (Lands the State selected in-lieu of sections 16 and 36, which they were entitled to but did not receive) LS - Forest Lieu Selection SG - State Grant SS - State Selection Meridians 05 - 5th Principal Meridian -- located in the eastern part of Iowa 06 - 6th Principal Meridian -- located south of Yankton - not used by east River counties 07 - Black Hills Meridian -- located on the SD - WY border (See map http://www.usgwarchives.org/sd/images/meridians.jpg) Source: http://files.usgwarchives.org/mt/blaine/land/h.txt NAME MERIDIAN TWP RANGE SECTION ACREAGE TYPE CASETYPE DOCID DATE HINTZ MARIE 20 027 N 018 E 004 24.99 251101 PA 131993 05/23/1910 HINTZ MARIE 20 027 N 018 E 004 25.06 251101 PA 131993 05/23/1910 HINTZ MARIE 20 027 N 018 E 005 25.2 251101 PA 131993 05/23/1910 HINTZ MARIE 20 027 N 018 E 005 25.42 251101 PA 131993 05/23/1910 HINTZ MARIE 20 027 N 018 E 005 25.62 251101 PA 131993 05/23/1910 HINTZ MARIE 20 027 N 018 E 003 40 272002 PA 350109 08/13/1913 HINTZ MARIE 20 027 N 018 E 003 24.75 272002 PA 350109 08/13/1913 HINTZ MARIE 20 027 N 018 E 003 40 272002 PA 350109 08/13/1913 HINTZ MARIE 20 027 N 018 E 006 25.75 272002 PA 348270 07/25/1913 HINTZ MARIE 20 028 N 018 E 033 40 251101 PA 131993 05/23/1910 HINTZ MARIE 20 028 N 018 E 028 120 251101 PA 353566 09/03/1913 HINTZ MARIE 20 028 N 018 E 033 120 251101 PA 353566 09/03/1913 HINTZ MARIE 20 028 N 018 E 034 80 251101 PA 353566 09/03/1913 HINTZ MARIE 20 028 N 018 E 031 40 272002 PA 348270 07/25/1913 | George Carl HINTZ
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| 46 | IGI Database Search on George Carl Hintz, b. 1831, Germany returns 73 matches. This one looks promising. This is in Latin, so probably Catholic. I have changed his first name to George, as Antonie said her father's name was George on her marriage license. Georgius Heinz Chr: 3 Aug 1831 Katholisch, Landscheid, Rheinland, Preussen Parents: Petri (Peter) Heinz and Angelae (Angela) Zell | George Carl HINTZ
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| 47 | IGI database search results: Searched: Carl Hintz, born 1831, Germany Rated a 90% match probability on Legacy IGI database search. Carl Hintz born: 18 Feb 1831 Chr. date: 2 Mar 1831 Chr. location: St Johann, Bartenstein, Ostpreussen, Preussen Parents: JOH. HINTZ and LOVISA ISEBERGERIN | George Carl HINTZ
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| 48 | From the village of Preston, Connecticut married Asa READ in 1771. | Phebe KENNEDY
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| 49 | As noted on Emil Kowalk's US Passport of 1919, he suffered from facial paralysis that occurred from contracting Tetanus (lockjaw) as a child. | Emil KOWALK
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| 50 | Joseph Kowalk emigrated to the United States from the port of Hamburg, Germany in 1879. | Joseph KOWALK
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